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Utilizing Kinetic Energy of Wind as a Source of Power in Commercial Vehicles
Jain Sumit,
Sean D’silva,
Mayur Ingale
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 6, November 2013
Pages:
198-200
Received:
13 August 2013
Published:
30 September 2013
Abstract: This project is about using kinetic energy of wind in a vehicle moving at a high speed for generation of electricity. This can be achieved by installing a housing on top of the vehicle which will contain an air duct of varying cross sectional area, a turbine and generator. This project gives information about where and how these components should be installed to produce maximum power. This article also gives information about limitations of this project and explains its drawbacks. The model is designed using Autodesk INVENTOR Professional.
Abstract: This project is about using kinetic energy of wind in a vehicle moving at a high speed for generation of electricity. This can be achieved by installing a housing on top of the vehicle which will contain an air duct of varying cross sectional area, a turbine and generator. This project gives information about where and how these components should b...
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Evaluation of Sugar Content and Bioethanol Potentials of Some Freshwater Biomass
Muhammad Muktar Namadi,
Maikaje Dominic Bawa,
Denwe Samuel Dangmwan,
Abdullahi Fatima Ahmed
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 6, November 2013
Pages:
201-204
Received:
1 September 2013
Published:
20 October 2013
Abstract: An evaluation of sugar content and bioethanol potential of some freshwater biomass namely; Eichhornia crassipes (Water Hyacinth) Pistia stratiotes (Water Lettuce) and Salvinia molesta (Water Fern) was carried out in a batch hydrolysis and fermentation processes. Determinations of xylose and glucose content were achieved using phloroglucinol and Dinitrosalicylic assay respectively. While the amount of glucose in E. crassipes, P. stratiotes and S. molesta were 0.08, 0.07 and 0.04 g/L, that of xylose were found to be 0.11, 09 and 0.07 g/L respectively. The results of analysis of biofuel potential show that maximum ethanol yield of 25 cm3 was observed in E. crassipess, 25 cm3 in P. stratiotes and 20 cm3 was found in S. molesta after 21days of fermentation and this gave a corresponding mean yield of 18.3 cm3, 17.6 cm3 and 15.0 cm3 respectively. The study concludes that the sugar content in the freshwater biomass determined the amount of ethanol yield. While there are no significant differences in the bioethanol production potential between the three biomass samples, E. crassipess and P. stratiotes have higher yield than S. molesta.
Abstract: An evaluation of sugar content and bioethanol potential of some freshwater biomass namely; Eichhornia crassipes (Water Hyacinth) Pistia stratiotes (Water Lettuce) and Salvinia molesta (Water Fern) was carried out in a batch hydrolysis and fermentation processes. Determinations of xylose and glucose content were achieved using phloroglucinol and Din...
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Performance Evaluation and Operation of Auto Load Transfer Switch
Diponkar Paul,
Md. Shariful Islam,
Syed Khalid Rahman,
Md. Saiful Islam,
Mir Mohiuddin
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 6, November 2013
Pages:
205-211
Received:
10 September 2013
Published:
20 October 2013
Abstract: An automatic transfer switch is an integral component of an emergency power supply system (EPSS). Auto transfer switch (ATS) consists of different electrical and mechanical components such as magnetic contactor, relay, timer, over under voltage relay etc. Basically maintenance includes scheduled and unscheduled renovation works. Efficiency of auto transfer switch (ATS) can be increased by using proper operation & standard maintenance schedule. Maintenance procedures are normally used to reduce unexpected problems of auto transfer switch. Proper installation, commissioning, operation, maintenance & troubleshooting procedure have been discussed thoroughly in this project report. A large number of real pictures have been shown to make the report more useful to all. It has been tried to provide a good understanding of the ideas about proper operation, maintenance & troubleshooting of auto transfer switch. Some auto transfer switches allow load shedding prioritization of optional circuits, such as heating and cooling equipment. More complex emergency switchgear used in large backup generator installations permits soft loading, allowing load to be smoothly transferred from the utility to the synchronized generators, and back; such installations are useful for reducing peak load demand from a utility. In cases where two independent utility feeders are available, a fast load transfer can be achieved by the use of a static transfer switch. When the critical load includes a load transformer, the transformer is subjected to transients during the transfer interval. Therefore following a load transfer, a transient current flows into the transformer which can cause a post transfer voltage sag. Fault disturbance characteristics which determines voltage difference between the sources and the voltage drop across t he incoming and the outgoing thyristor switches during the load transfer process.
Abstract: An automatic transfer switch is an integral component of an emergency power supply system (EPSS). Auto transfer switch (ATS) consists of different electrical and mechanical components such as magnetic contactor, relay, timer, over under voltage relay etc. Basically maintenance includes scheduled and unscheduled renovation works. Efficiency of auto ...
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A Calculation and Analysis of Carbon Emissions from 2005 to 2010 in Baoding City
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 6, November 2013
Pages:
212-216
Received:
8 October 2013
Published:
30 October 2013
Abstract: Carbon emissions problem is getting attention by various Chinese provinces. In this paper, though electricity heating, industrial, transportation and building five aspects，we calculated and analyzed the carbon emissions in Baoding from 2005 to 2010 According to calculation results propose appropriate policy recommendations.
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Energy Demand & Prospect of Geothermal Energy as the Solution of Energy Crisis of Bangladesh – an Approach to Green Energy Solution
A. S. M. Monjurul Hasan,
Md Habibullah,
Khaza Newaz Muhammad,
Mohammad Walid Bin Siraj,
Md Ahsan Kabir,
A. S. M. Muhaiminul Hasan
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 6, November 2013
Pages:
217-221
Received:
22 October 2013
Published:
10 November 2013
Abstract: Bangladesh has among the lowest per capita energy (240 kg oil equivalents) consumption in the world and is severely dependent on additional environmentally friendly renewable energy resources in the future. Among the possible energy resources that could be explored is the potential geothermal energy in regions of higher geothermal gradients with favorable geo-tectonic setting and ideal petro-physical properties. A preliminary examination of bottom hole temperatures of a large number of on-shore wells spread over a vast area in the eastern part of the country, especially in Thakurgaon-Mymensingh-Sunamgonj-Sylhet through in the Bengal fore deep, strongly suggests that several other areas are of great interest for further studies in order to determine their geothermal energy potential. Bangladesh has witnessed a high demand for uninterrupted electricity due to rapid civilization in the last few years. Bangladesh needs now a reliable green energy sources as its power sector beset by many infrastructural problems (inefficient transmission system, very old power stations and cumbersome decision making process). Bangladesh has taken initiative to generate 25000MW electricity within 2021. In this regard, geothermal energy can be a viable and useful alternative and this paper proposes the prospects of its introduction to the power sector of Bangladesh. In this paper, a study is presented that shows the suitable locations in Bangladesh where geothermal power plants can be set up easily. Recently, the Ministry of Power, Energy and Mineral Resources has approved the establishment of the first ever geothermal power plant (200MW) in the country. A total of approximately 1000 MW can be added into the energy grid of Bangladesh through geothermal power systems. The geothermal energy is green, indigenous, locally occurring and continuously available independent of climatic changes. It will help to reduce the huge oil bill that the country is facing now, provided the national planners give adequate attention and support for the development of geothermal energy at a rapid pace to reduce the severe electricity crisis in Bangladesh as other energy resources like peat, hydropower, nuclear, wind, tidal / waves are not significant at present.
Abstract: Bangladesh has among the lowest per capita energy (240 kg oil equivalents) consumption in the world and is severely dependent on additional environmentally friendly renewable energy resources in the future. Among the possible energy resources that could be explored is the potential geothermal energy in regions of higher geothermal gradients with fa...
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Modeling of A Hybrid Energy Storage System Supplied by a Photovoltaic Source to Feed a DC Motor
M. A. Camara,
A. Djellad,
P. O. Logerais,
O. Riou,
J. F. Durastanti
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 6, November 2013
Pages:
222-228
Received:
8 October 2013
Published:
20 November 2013
Abstract: The storage of photovoltaic energy by associating batteries with ultracapacitors is investigated. A solar hybrid energy conversion system including photovoltaic module and a DC motor is modeled with a circuit-based approach. The different phases are simulated with a control on the voltage, current and state of charge. First, the duration of the storage of photovoltaic energy is acquired. Then, the current peaks supplied by ultracapacitors at DC motor start are depicted in the transient regime. The batteries are therefore less solicited at this instant and ensure steady-state feeding of the DC motor. The autonomy and implementation of the system in which ultracapacitors are integrated are discussed.
Abstract: The storage of photovoltaic energy by associating batteries with ultracapacitors is investigated. A solar hybrid energy conversion system including photovoltaic module and a DC motor is modeled with a circuit-based approach. The different phases are simulated with a control on the voltage, current and state of charge. First, the duration of the sto...
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Investment Analysis of a New Solar Power Plant
Doruk Sen,
Murat Tunc,
Taylan Ozilhan
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 6, November 2013
Pages:
229-241
Received:
15 September 2013
Published:
20 November 2013
Abstract: The aim of this study is to propose a guideline for solar energy investment. Two solar energy investment methods are discussed for the investors: Photovoltaic (PV) Power Plants and Parabolic Trough Power Plants (PTPP). In this study, parabolic trough investment is discussed with Molten Salt technology which is one of the most advanced thermal energy storage systems. This technology is crucial for solar investment because it distinguishes these systems from other types of power plants by enabling electricity generation on cloudy days and/or during the night. Investment analysis of both plant types are completed with engineering and economic feasibility studies. This study focuses on solar energy potential of the city of Konya, Turkey and 10 MW installed capacity is applied for 25 years in both plant types as a case study. Comparison of obtained results is heavily based on net present value (NPV) approach. Empirical results demonstrate that the proposed methods are viable approaches for solar investment in Konya. On the other hand, it generates a guideline for investors in other countries by applying the solar insolation variables of the location to thermodynamic equations which are proposed in this article. However, the investment strategy varies depending on the solar potential and decision maker’s risk attitude.
Abstract: The aim of this study is to propose a guideline for solar energy investment. Two solar energy investment methods are discussed for the investors: Photovoltaic (PV) Power Plants and Parabolic Trough Power Plants (PTPP). In this study, parabolic trough investment is discussed with Molten Salt technology which is one of the most advanced thermal energ...
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Brake Torque of a Diesel Engine Fuelled with Biodiesel and Diesel
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 6, November 2013
Pages:
242-246
Received:
16 November 2013
Published:
20 December 2013
Abstract: Brake torque of a diesel engine was investigated by considering the effects of biodiesel (from waste cooking oil) in fuel mixture (biodiesel and diesel fuel) on this performance characteristic. The experiments were done on a 4 cylinder direct-injection diesel engine. Results showed that by the use of biodiesel brake power decreases up to17%. Also results showed that the increase in engine load appeared to cause an increase in the brake power up to 69%. On the other hand by increasing rpm of the engine brake power increases continuously up to speed 1800 to 2000 rpm and after that drops.
Abstract: Brake torque of a diesel engine was investigated by considering the effects of biodiesel (from waste cooking oil) in fuel mixture (biodiesel and diesel fuel) on this performance characteristic. The experiments were done on a 4 cylinder direct-injection diesel engine. Results showed that by the use of biodiesel brake power decreases up to17%. Also r...
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